Percentage Calculator — Six Types of Percentage Problems Solved

Percentages come up constantly in everyday life — discounts, pay rises, tax calculations, exam marks, VAT, interest rates, and more. This calculator handles six of the most common percentage calculations instantly.

How to work out a percentage of a number

To find X% of Y, divide X by 100 and multiply by Y. For example, 20% of 350 = (20 ÷ 100) × 350 = 70. Use the first calculator on this page to do this instantly.

How to calculate a percentage increase or decrease

Percentage change = ((New Value − Old Value) ÷ Old Value) × 100. If a price rises from £80 to £100, the increase is ((100−80) ÷ 80) × 100 = 25%. If it falls from £100 to £80, the decrease is 20% (not 25% — increases and decreases are not symmetric).

What is 20% of £250?

20% of £250 is £50. You can use this to calculate a 20% discount, 20% tip, or 20% VAT equivalent. Use the first calculator above to check any similar calculation instantly.

How do I calculate a pay rise percentage?

Use the percentage increase calculator. Enter your old salary as "From" and your new salary as "To". For example, going from £30,000 to £31,500 is a 5% pay rise.

How is VAT calculated as a percentage?

UK VAT is 20%. To add VAT to a price, multiply by 1.20 (or use "increase by 20%"). To remove VAT from a VAT-inclusive price, divide by 1.20 (or use our dedicated VAT Calculator for a full breakdown).

What percentage is 45 of 200?

45 is 22.5% of 200. To calculate this: (45 ÷ 200) × 100 = 22.5%. Use the second calculator on this page — "X is what % of Y" — for any similar question.

Last updated: May 2026